ANALISIS DAMPAK PENYALURAN PEMBIAYAAN AKAD MUDHARABAH BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN USAHA PERTANIAN TOMAT JORONG TANJUNG BALAU, NAGARI PAUH

Abstrak

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya Keterbatasan modal masih menjadi permasalahan utama yang dihadapi petani dalam mengembangkan usaha pertanian, termasuk petani tomat di Nagari Pauh, Jorong Tanjung Balau, yang menyebabkan petani kesulitan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan produksi, seperti pembelian benih unggul, pupuk, pestisida, serta biaya tenaga kerja, sehingga berdampak pada rendahnya produktivitas dan kualitas hasil panen. Perbankan syariah melalui pembiayaan berbasis akad mudharabah diharapkan mampu menjadi solusi permodalan yang adil dan sesuai dengan karakteristik usaha pertanian, karena mengedepankan prinsip bagi hasil, sehingga dapat mendorong peningkatan produktivitas dan kesejahteraan petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran dan dampak penyaluran pembiayaan akad mudharabah terhadap perkembangan usaha pertanian petani tomat, serta mengidentifikasi kendala yang dihadapi dalam pemanfaatan pembiayaan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Pendekatan ini dipilih karena mampu menggali makna, pengalaman, dan pandangan subjek penelitian secara mendalam mengenai penyaluran pembiayaan akad mudharabah serta dampaknya terhadap perkembangan usaha pertanian. Dalam penelitian ini, informan utama adalah para petani tomat yang telah menerima pembiayaan akad mudharabah dari Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Pasar Aur. Jumlah informan sebanyak 10 orang petani yang dipilih secara purposive sampling berdasarkan kriteria Petani yang Pernah menerima pembiayaan melalui akad mudharabah; Bersedia memberikan informasi terkait penggunaan dana dan perkembangan usahanya. Berdasarkan Hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa penyaluran pembiayaan akad mudharabah berperan penting dalam mendukung perkembangan usaha pertanian. Pembiayaan tersebut memberikan dampak positif terhadap peningkatan kapasitas usaha petani yang mampu mengelola dana secara produktif. Adanya kemampuan sebagian petani untuk memperluas lahan tanam, meningkatkan intensitas perawatan tanaman, serta menambah jumlah tenaga kerja yang digunakan selama proses produksi, serta adanya Dampak positif dari pembiayaan tersebut juga terlihat pada aspek sosial ekonomi petani dengan meningkatnya pendapatan, petani menjadi lebih percaya diri dalam menjalankan usaha pertanian dan lebih termotivasi untuk mempertahankan bahkan mengembangkan usahanya di masa mendatang. Meskipun pemanfaatan pembiayaan belum sepenuhnya optimal karena masih terdapat kendala dalam mengelola dana pembiayaan tersebut.

This research is motivated by the fact that limited capital is still the main problem faced by farmers in developing agricultural businesses, including tomato farmers in Nagari Pauh, Jorong Tanjung Balau, which causes farmers to have difficulty in meeting production needs, such as purchasing superior seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, as well as labor costs, resulting in low productivity and quality of harvest. Sharia banking through mudharabah contract-based financing is expected to be a fair capital solution and in accordance with the characteristics of agricultural businesses, because it prioritizes the principle of profit sharing, so that it can encourage increased productivity and welfare of farmers. This research aims to analyze the role and impact of the distribution of mudharabah contract financing on the development of tomato farmers' agricultural businesses, as well as identifying the obstacles faced in utilizing this financing. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. This approach was chosen because it is able to explore the meaning, experiences and views of research subjects in depth regarding the distribution of mudharabah contract financing and its impact on the development of agricultural businesses. In this research, the main informants are tomato farmers who have received mudharabah contract financing from Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Pasar Aur. The number of informants was 10 farmers who were selected using purposive sampling based on the criteria of farmers who had received financing through mudharabah agreements; Willing to provide information regarding the use of funds and business development. Based on the research results, it can be seen that the distribution of mudharabah contract financing plays an important role in supporting the development of agricultural businesses. This financing has a positive impact on increasing the business capacity of farmers who are able to manage funds productively. The ability of some farmers to expand their planting area, increase the intensity of plant care, and increase the number of workers used during the production process, as well as the positive impact of this financing can also be seen in the socio-economic aspects of farmers with increased income, farmers become more confident in running agricultural businesses and more motivated to maintain and even develop their businesses in the future. Although the use of financing is not yet fully optimal because there are still obstacles in managing these financing funds.