ANALISIS KOMPREHENSIF PRAKTIK CORPORATE ETHICS DI PT ASURANSI JIWASRAYA

Abstrak

Penelitian ini mengkaji secara komprehensif penerapan prinsip Good Corporate Governance (GCG) yakni transparansi, akuntabilitas, pertanggungjawaban, independensi, dan kewajaran dalam praktik etika korporasi PT Asuransi Jiwasraya (Persero). Latar belakang dipicu oleh skandal investasi berisiko tinggi dan manipulasi pelaporan keuangan yang menyebabkan kerugian besar bagi negara dan pemegang polis. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif studi kasus, data dikumpulkan dari laporan tahunan perusahaan, Laporan Hasil Pemeriksaan BPK, audit eksternal, investigasi media, dan literatur akademik. Analisis tematik mengungkapkan bahwa Jiwasraya gagal memenuhi standar transparansi informasi material sering tertunda atau disembunyikan serta akuntabilitas yang lemah akibat minimnya dokumentasi keputusan investasi. Prinsip pertanggungjawaban dilanggar oleh penempatan dana pada instrumen tanpa studi kelayakan, menimbulkan kerugian Rp 13,7 triliun dan tindak pidana korupsi. Intervensi politik pada pengangkatan direksi dan pengelolaan portofolio menurunkan independensi, sedangkan kebijakan haircut seragam pada nasabah rentan menunjukkan kegagalan dalam prinsip kewajaran. Temuan ini menegaskan perlunya penguatan mekanisme pengawasan internal, peningkatan kualitas pelaporan, dan pemisahan yang jelas antara kepentingan politik dan tata kelola perusahaan. Rekomendasi diarahkan pada perbaikan sistem dokumentasi audit trail, penegakan sanksi bagi pelanggar etika, serta peningkatan kapasitas dan otonomi lembaga pengawas untuk mencegah terulangnya krisis serupa.

This study comprehensively examines the implementation of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) principles, namely transparency, accountability, responsibility, independence, and fairness in the corporate ethics practices of PT Asuransi Jiwasraya (Persero). The background was triggered by a high-risk investment scandal and manipulation of financial reporting that caused major losses to the state and policyholders. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected from the company's annual report, BPK Audit Result Report, external audits, media investigations, and academic literature. Thematic analysis revealed that Jiwasraya failed to meet the transparency standards of material information often delayed or hidden and weak accountability due to minimal documentation of investment decisions. The principle of accountability was violated by the placement of funds in instruments without a feasibility study, resulting in a loss of IDR 13.7 trillion and corruption. Political intervention in the appointment of directors and portfolio management reduced independence, while the uniform haircut policy for vulnerable customers indicated a failure in the principle of fairness. These findings emphasize the need to strengthen internal oversight mechanisms, improve reporting quality, and a clear separation between political interests and corporate governance. Recommendations are directed at improving the audit trail documentation system, enforcing sanctions for ethical violators, and increasing the capacity and autonomy of supervisory institutions to prevent a recurrence of similar crises.