ANALISIS PENERAPAN EARLY WARNING SYSTEM (EWS) DALAM RANGKA MENGURANGI TINGKAT NON PERFORMING FINANCING (NPF): (STUDI KASUS BMT AGAM MADANI NAGARI KOTO TANGAH)

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan Early Warning System (EWS) dalam upaya menekan tingkat Non Performing Financing (NPF) serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efektivitas penerapannya pada BMT Agam Madani Nagari Koto Tangah. Meskipun EWS telah diterapkan sebagai instrumen deteksi dini risiko pembiayaan, pada praktiknya masih ditemukan pembiayaan bermasalah yang menunjukkan belum optimalnya sistem tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi lapangan, dan dokumentasi, sedangkan analisis data dilakukan melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan EWS di BMT Agam Madani Nagari Koto Tangah dilakukan melalui pemantauan keteraturan angsuran, evaluasi kondisi usaha nasabah, serta pendekatan persuasif oleh petugas lapangan. Namun, efektivitas EWS masih belum optimal akibat beberapa kendala, baik internal maupun eksternal. Faktor internal meliputi keterbatasan sistem teknologi dan kurangnya sumber daya manusia yang kompeten, sedangkan faktor eksternal dipengaruhi oleh kondisi ekonomi nasabah serta adanya pembiayaan ganda pada lembaga keuangan lain.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Early Warning System (EWS) in reducing the level of Non-Performing Financing (NPF) and to identify the factors influencing its effectiveness at BMT Agam Madani Nagari Koto Tangah. Although EWS has been implemented as an early detection mechanism for financing risk, problematic financing remains evident in practice, indicating that the system has not been optimally applied. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach using a case study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation, while data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that EWS implementation at BMT Agam Madani Nagari Koto Tangah involves monitoring the regularity of installment payments, evaluating the business conditions of customers, and applying a persuasive approach by field officers. However, the effectiveness of EWS has not yet been optimal due to several internal and external constraints. Internal factors include limitations in technological systems and a lack of competent human resources, while external factors are influenced by customers’ economic conditions and the existence of multiple financing facilities obtained from other financial institutions.